铁路节能环保与安全卫生

为了解旅客列车自备水箱水质金属元素卫生状况，进一步完善旅客列车饮水卫生管理。根据《生活饮用水标准检验方法 水样的采集与保存》(GB/T 5750.2—2006)、《生活饮用水标准检验方法 第2部分：水样的采集与保存》(GB/T 5750.2—2023)的规定，以某铁路单位管内为例，抽取与旅客列车供水流程相关的部分水质(包括列车上水相关给水所、上水站区上水井、管内列车车厢水箱)进行金属元素等卫生学检测。检测结果依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2022)进行卫生学评价。采集相关水质样品并取得76组水质检测数据，结果表明不同类型水质的铁、锰、铜、锌、铝、镉、砷、硒、汞、铅、色度、浑浊度、pH、臭和味、肉眼可见物15项指标检测结果均符合相关国家标准规定，检测为评估旅客健康风险提供了依据，也为后续研究提供数值参考。

This study aims to investigate the hygiene status of metal elements in the water quality of self-provided water tanks on passenger trains, thereby enhancing drinking water hygiene management and ensuring the safety of drinking water for passengers. In accordance with the provisions of Standard examination methods for drinking water—Collection and preservation of water samples(GB/T 5750.2—2006)and Standard examination methods for drinking water—Part 2:Collection and preservation of water samples(GB/T 5750.2—2023). Water samples were collected from four types of water sources related to the water supply process of passenger trains, including water supply stations, wells within the station area, and water tanks in train carriages under the jurisdiction of a specific railway bureau. Hygiene tests focusing on metal elements were conducted, and the results were evaluated against the Standards for drinking water qulity(GB 5749—2022). A total of 76 sets of water quality test data were obtained. Results indicated that all tested indicators, including iron, manganese, copper, zinc, aluminum, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, mercury, lead, color, turbidity, pH, odor and taste, and visible matter, met relevant national standards. This study provides a scientific basis for assessing health risks to passengers and serves as a data reference for future research.