铁路节能环保与安全卫生

针对新下线未投入运营的高铁车厢开展检测，量化评估车厢内甲醛及总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)的浓度水平及空间分布特征。结果显示，车厢内甲醛与TVOC浓度总体符合国家标准要求，但呈现明显的空间异质性。甲醛浓度在不同功能区域间存在显著差异，以司机室和商务座车区域浓度较高；部分车厢TVOC浓度接近限值，其中已知组分分析表明，司机室和商务座车内正己烷、甲苯和二甲苯浓度明显高于其他区域，而餐车和吧台区域的TVOC污染水平相对较低。综合评估表明，该型号新下线高铁车厢整体空气质量基本达标，存在优化提升空间。

The formaldehyde and TVOC concentrations and spatial distribution characteristics were quantitatively evaluated by systematic monitoring in newly launched high-speed rail carriages that have not been put into operation. The results showed that the formaldehyde and TVOC concentrations in the carriages generally complied with the requirements of national standards, but showed obvious spatial heterogeneity. Formaldehyde concentrations differed significantly between different functional areas, with higher concentrations in the driver's room and business seat car areas; TVOC concentrations in some compartments were close to the limit, where analysis of known components showed that n-hexane, toluene, and xylene concentrations in the driver's room and business seat car were significantly higher than those in other areas, whereas TVOC contamination levels in the dining car and the bar area were relatively low. Comprehensive assessment shows that the overall air quality of the newly launched high-speed rail carriages of this model meets the standards, and there is room for optimization and improvement.