铁路节能环保与安全卫生

提出将层次分析法(AHP)作为铁路建设项目碳排放核心评价工具，通过构建目标层、准则层和方案层的层次结构，对多因素进行量化比较和权重分析，从而实现方案优选。以某铁路线路设计方案碳排放评价为例，验证了该方法可以从碳减排角度，比较多个影响因素对项目选线的影响程度，从而确定优选方案。构建了包括碳排放总量和碳排放强度2类指标的铁路建设项目碳排放评价指标体系，涵盖客运、货运及辅助生产设施等环节的直接与间接排放，并提出以“单位运输工作量碳排放量”作为核心碳排放强度指标。

This study proposes the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) as the core evaluation tool. By constructing a hierarchical structure comprising the objective layer, criterion layer, and scheme layer, the method enables quantitative comparison and weight analysis of multiple factors, thereby facilitating optimal scheme selection. The carbon emission assessment of a railway route design demonstrates that this approach can compare the impact of various influencing factors on project alignment from the perspective of carbon emission reduction, thereby identifying the preferred scheme. Additionally, the study establishes a carbon emission evaluation index system for railway construction projects, encompassing two major categories: total carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity. This system covers direct and indirect emissions across passenger transport, freight transport, and auxiliary production facilities, with "carbon emissions per unit transport workload" proposed as the core carbon emission intensity indicator.